The term 'my child is my soul mate, my child is the jewel of my heart', turns out to not belong to all parents. Children as a gift from God that must be taken care of as well as possible, in fact were not treated appropriately by their parents and their closest people. The phenomenon of acts of violence against children is increasingly happening and is reported in the mass media, both online media and social media. The cases are very diverse, recently gatra.com on July 12, 2022 shared news of sexual violence that occurred in Dompu, Nusa Tenggara Barat where the father had abused his own biological child. Some time ago a case went viral on social media, on Deddy Corbuzier's You Tube channel, that a woman claimed to have been abused by her teacher while attending a special school for underprivileged children many years ago, and sadly the incident happened several years ago and is only now being disclosed. Online media Kompas reported that a child in Gorontalo was tortured by his stepmother, step-grandmother and biological father until he died (kompas.com, 22 June 2022). In Tasikmalaya, a child was bullied by his friends, asked to have sex with a cat, until the child experienced psychological stress and died (cnnindonesia.com, 22 July 2022). The phenomenon of news of violence that is rampant and unstoppable is a problem for the nation, what should be done to stem various incidents of violence that are addressed to the children of the younger generation, the forerunners of this nation's successors?
The
Indonesian Ministry of Social Affairs has made efforts to respond to
various social problems in society. The strategy is carried out by
knowing various cases of social problems through news that has been
shared by mass media throughout Indonesia through their respective
platforms, mostly online media because news is distributed faster than
other mass media. The news on social problems is then scanned by the
media monitoring team of the Ministry of Social Affairs. Furthermore,
the news is forwarded to the centers belonging to the Ministry of Social
Affairs according to the location where the incident occurred. The
Ministry of Social Affairs has 31 Centers throughout Indonesia with one
of the activities being outreach or responding to cases that have
occurred in the community and solving problems and planning follow-up
actions.
Descriptive analysis was carried out on news with the
theme of violence from 33 news stories during the month of July which
had been scanned by the Ministry of Social Affairs media monitoring team
as many as 33 online news and broadcasts on social media. This news has
been followed up by the Ministry of Social Affairs Centers throughout
Indonesia as a case response to be followed up. Of the 33 news stories
accessed throughout July (until July 25) there were cases such as house
fires, adults with serious illnesses, neglected or incapacitated elderly
people, children with illnesses and crucial issues were found, namely
news with the theme of violence. to children as much as four news.
The
first violent case during July 2022 occurred in Sekongkang District,
West Sumbawa Regency and a case response has been carried out by the
Mataram Paramita Center, Lombok, Nusa Tenggara Barat. This case was
reported on the online media barometer.com, on July 5, 2022, a five year
old child was put in a sack by his own biological father with the
intention of punishing the child to deter him. The background of this
family is quite apprehensive, the father works odd jobs so that he is
unable to meet the economic needs of the family. The Paramita Center
Mataram, Nusa Tenggara Barat responded to the case on July 9, 2022,
coordinated with relevant village officials in resolving cases, then
provided knowledge about parenting children's behavior patterns by
providing information about positive discipline, providing recreational
activities for children by inviting children to draw. In addition to
this assistance, ATENSI (Social Rehabilitation Assistance) support is provided in the form of nutritious food, school uniforms, school equipment and school supplies.
Two
cases of sexual violence against children that occurred in South
Kalimantan have been handled by the Ministry of Social Affairs through
the Banjar Baru Center. First, it was reported on July 6, 2022 on
tribunnews.com, that a 16-year-old child (LN) became a victim of his
uncle's coercion, if he did not agree, his family would not be helped
financially. Sentra Banjar Baru then responded to the case, visiting the
victim on July 15, 2022. The intervention carried out was advocacy by
providing psychological moral support with the intervention being given
attention assistance in the form of bicycles and school supplies, while
the victim's parents were given entrepreneurship assistance. Second, it
was reported on July 17, 2022, on regionalkompas.com, that a 12-year-old
child (M) with an intellectual disability (learning difficulties) was
abused by a neighbor until she became pregnant and now she is five
months pregnant. The case response was carried out on July 19, 2022 with
advocacy by the Ministry of Social Affairs through the Banjar Baru
Center in collaboration with the Social Service, UPTD for the Protection
of Women and Children. The interventions carried out were hypnotherapy,
nutrition, provision of equipment for mother and baby (ATENSI support).
The
fourth case found throughout July 2022, a case of sexual violence
occurred in Deli Serdang, North Sumatra and has been handled by the
Insyaf Center in Medan.
This case was reported through the Kompas TV Medan YouTube channel on
July 15, 2022, a 4-year-old child (N) became a victim of force and abuse
where the perpetrators were his uncle and his uncle's friend. In
addition to being forced, (N) also experienced abuse by his biological
mother who is a drug abuser. (N) was abused by being burned by
cigarettes at the waist. The Insyaf Center in Medan responded
to the case on July 16, 2022, in collaboration with the Social Service
and the local PPA Service by providing psychological therapy (assistance
and handling of psychologists from the Directorate of Children) after
the victim was previously given medical treatment by the local hospital.
The Insyaf Center also handled the victim's mother and was given
rehabilitation. The follow-up plan is to continue to monitor physical
and mental development (N), help the victim's family access education
facilities for (N)'s sibling, and provide entrepreneurial assistance for
the victim's father.
Johan Galtung (Windhu, 1992: 62) in Power
and Violence, the word violence is translated into English, namely
Violence which comes from the Latin words Vis (power, strength) and
latus which comes from ferre, to bring which then means to bring
strength. In the general Indonesian dictionary written by
Poerwadarminta, violence is defined as a "hard nature" or thing; power:
coercion. While "coercion" means pressure, a hard urge. These words are
synonymous with the word “rape” which means to subdue by force, to
overthrow, to force by force and to violate by force. Violence means
bringing force, coercion and pressure. According to Galtung (Windhu:
1992: 64), violence will occur when humans are influenced in such a way
that their actual physical and mental realization is below their
potential realization. This means that there is a situation that causes
the individual's ability and potential to not appear.
According
to WHO, violence against children is an act of abuse or mistreatment of
children i.e physical, emotional, sexual harm, neglect of care and
exploitation for commercial purposes which may or may not endanger the
health, survival, dignity or development of children. physical, sexual,
emotional abuse or neglect of children. Violence against children can
lead to physical and psychological problems in the child in the future.
Physically, it can be seen from all over his body there are signs of
violence. Psychologically, children who are victims of violence can
experience psychological problems such as: post-traumatic stress
disorder, depression, anxiety, and psychosis.
From the results of
the analysis of these four (4) samples of news of violence, it was
found that violence was perpetrated by people closest to the victim, a
child should feel comfortable with parents, uncles, mothers and other
closest people, but instead they are the ones who commit the crime. the
violence. Second, violence is perpetrated at home and at school, where
children should feel very comfortable, becoming uncomfortable, unsafe
and terrible places. Third, violence is committed against children or
minors. Fourth, the violence experienced by these children occurred in
families with social problems or families with low economic levels.
Fifth, acts of violence are committed against children who have
cognitive and mental limitations, and children under five years old. The
motive for sexual violence was done because of exposure to pornography
and other motives for violence due to high emotions from parents
(stress), most likely due to economic pressure.
Violence
that occurs in children has a multiplier impact, because apart from the
current impact, this event will be imprinted on the memory, and will
affect his future life when he grows up. Emotional wounds will be felt
by children who get abused, and not only that, mental health will also
be disrupted, there will be trauma and decreased brain performance and
so on. Childhood is a period of growth that should not be filled with
something that causes trauma and negative impacts in the future. Let
children grow up safe, non-violent.
The Ministry of Social
Affairs in the follow-up to its case response provides education to
parents, provides protection, a sense of security and assistance for
children who are victims of violence, as well as therapy by social
workers and psychologists at the Center of the Ministry of Social
Affairs. The Ministry of Social Affairs will even refer the victim of
sexual violence to the child for temporary treatment, monitoring his
physical and mental development at the local government's PSAA
(Children's Orphanage) in the coverage area of the center. The
Ministry of Social Affairs has synergized with relevant stakeholders in
handling cases of violence against children.The Ministry of Social
Affairs seeks to respond quickly to the handling of this problem.
The
task of fighting violence against children is a pentahelix task,
carried out by all elements of the government, society, academia,
business entities, society or the community and the business world.
Handling efforts in addition to being rehabilitative are also preventive
(prevention). However, violence is a violation of human rights and
cannot be allowed to go unpunished. Public education is very necessary.
Parents need to be alert and pay enough attention to their children's
behavior, as well as the environment around them. The mass media must
also synergize with the community and government, as well as pay
attention to the ethics of writing news on violence against children and
women, so that they are objective and do not “secondrape” their
reporting. With the enactment of the Act on the Crime of Sexual Violence
with statutory number Law Number 12 of 2022, hopefully it can become a
legal tool to be able to resolve cases of sexual violence fairly and
provide a deterrent effect on perpetrators.
Bibliography
Windhu, Marsana. 1992. “Kekuasaan dan Kekerasan Menurut Johan Galtung”.Yogyakarta:
Kanisius
https://indonesiabaik.id/motion_grafis/impact-kerasan-terhadap-anak downloaded on 27 July 2022 at 13.13 WIB
https://repository.uinjkt.ac.id/dspace/bitstream/123456789/34575/1/Sururin-FITK